Europeans continue to depend on 2G and 3G mobile networks.

Written By: Flipbz.org

As investments in 5G standalone networks and other upgrades continue in hopes of driving a 5G breakthrough, many of Europe’s older 3G and even 2G networks remain vital, with numerous users still heavily reliant on these legacy technologies.

This creates a dilemma for European telecom operators, who must manage the challenge of shutting down older networks while ensuring that essential services continue without causing major disruptions that could lead to backlash.

A new report, Europe’s legacy networks: 3G and 2G still matter in the age of 5G, from US-based analytics firm Opensignal, delves into the ongoing dependence on 3G and 2G in various European markets and the difficulties in transitioning away from them.

Europe is leading the world in this transition, representing 52.6% of global 2G and 3G shutdowns, whether completed, in progress, or planned. The report initially focuses on the UK’s 3G shutdown, examining the impact on users and operator strategies.

In the UK, both EE (part of BT Group) and Vodafone have already shut down their 3G networks, while Three, in the process of merging with Vodafone UK, was midway through decommissioning its 3G infrastructure when the acquisition occurred. As a result, Vodafone UK’s 3G shutdown led to greater reliance on the remaining 2G network, rather than an increase in 4G usage.

The decision to phase out a legacy technology typically depends on an operator’s enterprise customers, especially those who rely on 2G or 3G for IoT devices like smart meters. Other factors influencing these decisions include the reliability of coverage in rural areas, the remaining duration of spectrum licenses, the age and usefulness of the technology, and the extent to which the equipment has been depreciated.